COP 27 Outcomes: Latest Climate Change Developments

Theme:

A conference of parties (COP) was held in EGYPT on November 2022.

 

What is COP:

COP is a series of United Nations for controlling climate change that took place yearly and was established in 1995.

The main aim of these conferences is to monitor and review the progress in dealing with climate change, made by the members of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to limit climate change. It consists of 198 countries.

 

Objectives of COP 27:

1. To reduce global warming to 2 degrees Celsius to prevent irreversible damage.

2. To enhance climate resilience (capacity of social, economic, and ecosystems to cope with a hazardous event or trend or disturbance) in most vulnerable communities.

3. Deliver 100 billion dollars every year to help developing countries.

4. To stabilize the concentration of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere.

5. To strengthen public awareness about climate change in every nation.

 

Achievements:

1. COP 27 brought over 190 countries to find agreement on climate change, climate finance, decarbonization, biodiversity and agriculture.

2. The creation of the Green climate fund is one of the biggest achievements of COP, voluntary donations by rich nations to help low and mid-income countries to adapt to climate change and reduce emissions.

3. To continue the agreement which took place in Paris in 2015, COP 21 is to limit the global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees.

4. It included renewable energy for the first time and fossil fuel subsidies.

Challenges:

1. Compared to COP 26 there was little progress from last year’s meeting in Glasgow on key issues around cutting planet-heating pollution.

2. No stronger commitment by countries to reduce methane emissions and to phase out fossil fuels.

3. It is also noted that there are no clear criteria mentioned by COP 27 to expand renewable sources of energy.

4. Because of no sufficient action, nations are no longer on track to reduce the 1.5-degree temperature.

Conclusion:

Overall, COP 27 ended with the announcement of historic loss and damage of funds, to continue the agreement which took place in Paris in 2015, COP 21 which is to limit the global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees.

Overall, India performed well at Sharm El-Sheikh by supporting other developing countries on L&D, by proposing the phasing down of fossils and a set goal to reduce the low carbon emission strategy but advancement by the government in improving strategy is still needed for the nation’s development.

 

References:
https://unfccc.int/cop27
https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/cop27

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